滿語/第4節課 - 數詞

對話和譯文

對話 1	對話 1
be oci mafa gurun i ilha	我們是祖國的花朵
ajige orho i eme oci amba na,	小草的母親是大地,
ajige nimaha i eme oci amba mederi,	小魚的母親是大海,
usiha i eme oci abka i untuhun,	星星的母親是天空,
meni eme oci mafa gurun---dulimbai gurun.	我們的母親是我們的祖國---中國.
be oci mafa gurun i ilha,	我們是祖國的花朵,
fuldun fuldun ilha mafa gurun be miyamimbi,	花朵朵化妝祖國,
mafa gurun membe ujime hūwasabuha,	祖國養育了我們,
be mafa gurun be hairambi.	我們熱愛祖國.
..............................................................................................................................................	..............................................................................................................................................
對話 2	對話 2
A) gucu te udu erin oho?	A) 朋友現在幾點了?
B) juwan erin oho.	B) 十點鐘.
A) baniha. si oci Xiao Wang i tacin gucu inuo?	A) 謝謝. 你是小王的同學嗎?
B) inu. bi Xiao Wang i emgi emu minggan uyun tanggū nadanju sunja ci aniya oros gisun be taciha	B) 是的. 我1975年跟小王學過俄語.
A) si ya tacikū de oros gisun be taciha?	A) 你在哪一個學校學過俄語?
B) Qinghua amba tacikū de	B) 清華大學.
A) si ere aniya udu se oho?	A) 你今年幾歲?
B) bi susai juwe se oho.	B) 我五十二歲.
..............................................................................................................................................	..............................................................................................................................................
對話 3	對話 3
A) sinde udu indahūn bio?	A) 你有幾隻狗?
B) uheri tofohon indahūn bi. tofohon i ilan ubu i emu boode	B) 一共有十五隻. 十五的三分之一在家
A) tuttu oci boode udu indahūn bio?	A) 那樣的話，家裡有幾隻狗?
B) boode sunja indahūn bi.	B) 家裡有五隻狗.

生詞

............................................................	............................................................	............................................................	............................................................
滿文	漢文	滿文	漢文
abka	天、天空、天氣、上帝	abka i untuhun	天空
ajige	小、幼小、微小	amba	大
amba tacikū	大學	aniya	年、年節、年代
be	我們	emgi	同、共、一起
erin	時、時辰、鐘點、時候	fuldun	（花）朵
gurun	國、部落、一群人	hairambi	愛、愛惜
hūwašabumbi	培養、教育、撫養	ilha	花
indahūn	狗、犬、戌	dulimbai gurun	中國
mafa	祖父、老公公	mafa gurun	祖國
mederi	海	miyamimbi	修飾、打扮、化妝、掩飾、粉飾
na	地、土地	nimaha	魚
orho	草	oros	俄羅斯
se	年齡、歲數	tacikū	學校
tacin gucu	同學	tuttu oci	若是那樣、既然如此
ubu	份兒、分、分數、倍、緣分	udu	幾個
uheri	共、總共、全部	ujimbi	養、養育、休養、生育
untuhun	空、空虛、虛、空間、太空	usiha	星
ya	哪個、何

語法

數次

Manchu cardinal numerals

The cardinal numbers in Manchu are:

......................................	......................................	......................................	......................................
emu (emke)	1	juwan jakūn	18
juwe	2	juwan uyun	19
ilan	3	orin	20
duin	4	orin emu	21
sunja	5	gūsin	30
ninggun	6	dehu	40
nadan	7	susai	50
jakūn	8	ninju	60
uyun	9	nadanju	70
juwan	10	jakūnju	80
juwan emu	11	uyunju	90
juwan juwe	12	tanggū	100
juwan ilan	13	juwe tanggū susai emu	251
juwan duin	14	minggan	1,000
tofohon	15	tumen	10,000
juwan ninggun	16	juwan tumen	100,000
juwan nadan	17	tanggū tumen	1,000,000
......................................	......................................	......................................	......................................

Note: the number for 15 is irregular

Manchu ordinal numerals

Ordinal numbers in Manchu are formed by adding 『-ci』 to the end of the cardinal form of the number. In the case of numbers that end in an 『n』, the final n is dropped (except for in the case of juwan and tumen). E.g:

• emuci (First)
• juwe tanggv susai emuci (251st)
• ningguci (Sixth)
• minggaci (One thousandth)
• juwanci (Tenth)
• tumenci (Ten thousandth)
• juwan duici (Fourteenth)

Manchu distributive numerals

Distributive numerals can be formed by adding the suffix 『-ta』, 『-te』 or 『-to』 depending on the rules of vowel harmony. E.g.:

• ilata (one of three)
• tofohoto (one of 15)
• emte (one each).

Manchu multiplicative numerals

As for multiplicative numerals, one can either use the word 『ubu』 (times), or use one of the postpositions such as 『mudan』 (time), 『jergi』 (time). E.g.:

• juwe ubu (twice)
• juwe mudan (twice)
• juwe jergi (twice)

Manchu fractions

Fractional numerals can be formed by either using the genitive or ablative case, or by using the dative/locative case in combination with the word 『ubu』 (times). E.g

• sunja i emu (1/5)
• sunja ci emu (1/5)
• sunja ubu de emu ubu (1/5).

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