人類生理學/血液生理
< 人類生理學
血液概觀
[编辑]氣體交換
[编辑]血液成份
[编辑]血漿組成
[编辑]紅血球
[编辑]概觀
[编辑]功能
[编辑]白血球
[编辑]功能
[编辑]血小板
[编辑]止血（凝結或凝血）
[编辑]血型与输血
[编辑]ABO 血型
[编辑]表面抗原
[编辑]繼承
[编辑]血液/血漿傳輸的相容性
[编辑]新生兒的溶血性疾病（Hemolytic Disease）
[编辑]血液相關的疾病
[编辑]溫韋伯氏疾病（Von Willebrand Disease）
[编辑]瀰漫性血管內凝血（Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation，DIC）
[编辑]血友病（Hemophilia）
[编辑]Factor V Leiden
[编辑]貧血（Anemia）
[编辑]鐮狀細胞（Sickle cell）
[编辑]紅血球增多症（Polycythemia）
[编辑]白血病（Leukemia）
[编辑]詞彙表
[编辑]- 白蛋白（Albumin）
- a major blood protein responsible for the maintenance of osmotic (water) pressure in the blood
- 貧血（Anemia）
- a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin caused by lack of iron, folic acid or vitamin B12 in the diet, or by red blood cell destruction; associated with decreased ability of blood to carry oxygen
- B細胞
- cell responsible for the distribution of antibodies
- 嗜鹼性粒細胞（Basophil）
- this white blood cell enters damaged tissues and releases a histamine and other chemicals that promote inflammation in the body to fight pathogens
- 血液
- the means and transport system of the body used in carrying elements - nutrition, waste, heat - from one location in the body to another by way of blood vessels
- 嗜酸性粒細胞（Eosinophil）
- white blood cell that is involved in the immune response against parasitic worms (such as tapeworms and roundworms). Named because it stains with the red dye "eosin."
- V Leiden因子
- most common genetic hypercoagulability disorder.
- Formed Elements
- the red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets found in blood
- 紅血球比容（Hematocrit）
- measurement of the % of red blood cells found in blood
- 血红素（Hemoglobin，Hb）
- iron-containing pigment in red blood cells that combines with and transports oxygen
- 血友病（Hemophilia）
- genetic disorder in which the affected individual may have uncontrollable bleeding; blood does not clot
- 止血（Hemostasis）
- the process by which blood flow is stopped; also describes the clotting of blood
- 淋巴細胞（Lymphocytes）
- cells of the Lymphatic system, provide defense against specific pathogen or toxins
- 單核細胞（Monocytes）
- The largest white blood cell. Becomes a macrophage when activated. Engulfs pathogens and debris through phagocytosis, also involved in presenting antigens to B and T lymphocytes.
- 中性粒細胞（Neutrophils）
- the most common white blood cell; they are phagocytic and engulf pathogens or debris in the tissues; also release cytotoxic enzymes and chemicals to kill pathogens
- NK-細胞
- also known as "Natural Killer Cells", these T lymphocytes are responsible for surveillance and detection of abnormal tissue cells; important in preventing cancer
- 吞噬作用（Phagocytosis）
- process by which amoeboid-like cells engulf and ingest, and thereby destroy, foreign matter or material
- T細胞
- cells that mediate by coordinating the immune system and enter the peripheral tissues. They can attack foreign cells directly and control the activities of other lymphocytes