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英语/发音/美国音音标列表

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< 美国音目录

由于各家出版的美语词典所采用的美语音标符号不尽相同,以下一套符号尽量地折衷了各家所使用的符号,并最大限度地反映美语实际发音。

音标 例词 音标 例词
元音
[i] seat, reed, rear [ɪ] kit, built, hymn
[eɪ] rate, rain, break [ɛ] bet, bread, bare
[æ] sat, half, laugh [ɑ] lock, what, hard
[ɔ]1 dog, law, talk [oʊ] boat, rope, toe
[ʊ] put, look, wolf [ʉ] root, tube, group
[ʌ] cut, son, flood [ɔɪ] coil, toy, boy
[aɪ] tight, rice, sky [aʊ] lout, down, bough
[ɚ] hurt, chirp, perk [ə] about, circus, complete
[ən] taken, button, open [əl] label, paddle, toggle
辅音
[p] perk, pay, happy [b] bay, book, rabbit
[t] tail, button, locked [d] dear, add, filled
[k] key, catch, quite [g] game, ghost, guest
[m] male, mock, climb [n] nail, knife, gnat
[ŋ] think, sing, tongue [h] help, hit, who
[f] fee, phone, laugh [v] veal, vary, of
[θ] thick, throw, bath [ð] other, then, bathe
[s] send, cell, scent [z] rose, gives, zoo
[ʃ] shell, niche, mission [ʒ] garage, vision, azure
[r] core, hard, real [l] let, land, tell
[w] wit, where, quick [j] yes, onion, year
(辅音变体)
[p ̚] nap, dip, top [b ̚] lob, cab, nib
[t ̚] lot, light, meat [d ̚] wade, send, garden
[k ̚] lock, like, meek [g ̚] big, rogue, egg
[ʔ] rent, button, cotton [ɾ] riddle, booty, center

1 美国东部有[ɔ],西部则将其完全并入[ɑ],儿化音[ɔr]除外。