英语/发音/美国音音标列表
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< 美国音目录
由于各家出版的美语词典所采用的美语音标符号不尽相同,以下一套符号尽量地折衷了各家所使用的符号,并最大限度地反映美语实际发音。
音标 | 例词 | 音标 | 例词 |
---|---|---|---|
元音 | |||
[i] | seat, reed, rear | [ɪ] | kit, built, hymn |
[eɪ] | rate, rain, break | [ɛ] | bet, bread, bare |
[æ] | sat, half, laugh | [ɑ] | lock, what, hard |
[ɔ]1 | dog, law, talk | [oʊ] | boat, rope, toe |
[ʊ] | put, look, wolf | [ʉ] | root, tube, group |
[ʌ] | cut, son, flood | [ɔɪ] | coil, toy, boy |
[aɪ] | tight, rice, sky | [aʊ] | lout, down, bough |
[ɚ] | hurt, chirp, perk | [ə] | about, circus, complete |
[ən] | taken, button, open | [əl] | label, paddle, toggle |
辅音 | |||
[p] | perk, pay, happy | [b] | bay, book, rabbit |
[t] | tail, button, locked | [d] | dear, add, filled |
[k] | key, catch, quite | [g] | game, ghost, guest |
[m] | male, mock, climb | [n] | nail, knife, gnat |
[ŋ] | think, sing, tongue | [h] | help, hit, who |
[f] | fee, phone, laugh | [v] | veal, vary, of |
[θ] | thick, throw, bath | [ð] | other, then, bathe |
[s] | send, cell, scent | [z] | rose, gives, zoo |
[ʃ] | shell, niche, mission | [ʒ] | garage, vision, azure |
[r] | core, hard, real | [l] | let, land, tell |
[w] | wit, where, quick | [j] | yes, onion, year |
(辅音变体) | |||
[p ̚] | nap, dip, top | [b ̚] | lob, cab, nib |
[t ̚] | lot, light, meat | [d ̚] | wade, send, garden |
[k ̚] | lock, like, meek | [g ̚] | big, rogue, egg |
[ʔ] | rent, button, cotton | [ɾ] | riddle, booty, center |
1 美国东部有[ɔ],西部则将其完全并入[ɑ],儿化音[ɔr]除外。