GNU PSPP/启动PSPP

PSPP有两个独立的用户界面(User Interface)。这个页面将描述PSPP的命令行(Command-line)驱动的基于文本的用户界面，以及PSPP的图形用户界面——被称为PSPPIRE。

命令行界面(Command-line Interface)

下面将简短地介绍PSPP的所有选项，并以类型分组。

无选项参数(Non-option arguments)

syntax-file

输出选项(Output options)

-o, --output=output-file
-O option=value
-O format=format
-O device=(terminal|listing)
--no-output
-e, --error-file=error-file

语言选项(Language options)

-I, --include=dir
-I-, --no-include
-b, --batch
-i, --interactive
-r, --no-statrc
-a, --algorithm={compatible|enhanced}
-x, --syntax={compatible|enhanced}
--syntax-encoding=encoding

信息选项(Informational options)

-h, --help
-V, --version
Other options
-s, --safer
--testing-mode

• syntax-file

Read and execute the named syntax file. If no syntax files are specified, PSPP prompts for commands. If any syntax files are specified, PSPP by default exits after it runs them, but you may make it prompt for commands by specifying ‘-’ as an additional syntax file.

读取并执行被命名的语法文件(Syntax file)。如果没有指定语法文件，PSPP会提示命令。如果有任何语法文件被制定，PSPP默认会在它运行完毕后退出，但是您可以使用‘-’来增加新的语法文件，继续命令行。

• -o output-file

Write output to output-file. PSPP has several different output drivers that support output in various formats (use --help to list the available formats). Specify this option more than once to produce multiple output files, presumably in different formats. Use ‘-’ as output-file to write output to standard output. If no -o option is used, then PSPP writes output to standard output in plain text format.

• -O option=value

Sets an option for the output file configured by a preceding -o. Most options are specific to particular output formats. A few options that apply generically are listed below.

• -O format=format

PSPP uses the extension of the file name given on -o to select an output format. Use this option to override this choice by specifying an alternate format, e.g. -o pspp.out -O html to write HTML to a file named pspp.out. Use --help to list the available formats.

• -O device={terminal|listing}

Sets whether PSPP considers the output device configured by the preceding -o to be a terminal or a listing device. This affects what output will be sent to the device, as configured by the SET command's output routing subcommands (see SET). By default, output written to standard output is considered a terminal device and other output is considered a listing device.

• --no-output

Disables output entirely, if neither -o nor -O is also used. If one of those options is used, --no-output has no effect.

• -e error-file
• --error-file=error-file

Configures a file to receive PSPP error, warning, and note messages in plain text format. Use ‘-’ as error-file to write messages to standard output. The default error file is standard output in the absence of these options, but this is suppressed if an output device writes to standard output (or another terminal), to avoid printing every message twice. Use ‘none’ as error-file to explicitly suppress the default.

• -I dir
• --include=dir

Appends dir to the set of directories searched by INCLUDE (see INCLUDE) and INSERT (see INSERT).

• -I-
• --no-include

Clears all directories from the include path, including directories inserted in the include path by default. The default include path is . (the current directory), followed by .pspp in the user's home directory, followed by PSPP's system configuration directory (usually /etc/pspp or /usr/local/etc/pspp).

• -b
• --batch
• -i
• --interactive

These options forces syntax files to be interpreted in batch mode or interactive mode, respectively, rather than the default “auto” mode. See Syntax Variants, for a description of the differences.

• -r
• --no-statrc

Disables running rc at PSPP startup time.

• -a {enhanced|compatible}
• --algorithm={enhanced|compatible}

With enhanced, the default, PSPP uses the best implemented algorithms for statistical procedures. With compatible, however, PSPP will in some cases use inferior algorithms to produce the same results as the proprietary program SPSS. Some commands have subcommands that override this setting on a per command basis.

• -x {enhanced|compatible}
• --syntax={enhanced|compatible}

With enhanced, the default, PSPP accepts its own extensions beyond those compatible with the proprietary program SPSS. With compatible, PSPP rejects syntax that uses these extensions. --syntax-encoding=encoding Specifies encoding as the encoding for syntax files named on the command line. The encoding also becomes the default encoding for other syntax files read during the PSPP session by the INCLUDE and INSERT commands. See INSERT, for the accepted forms of encoding.

• --help

Prints a message describing PSPP command-line syntax and the available device formats, then exits.

• -V
• --version

Prints a brief message listing PSPP's version, warranties you don't have, copying conditions and copyright, and e-mail address for bug reports, then exits.

• -s
• --safer

Disables certain unsafe operations. This includes the ERASE and HOST commands, as well as use of pipes as input and output files.

• --testing-mode

Invoke heuristics to assist with testing PSPP. For use by make check and similar scripts.