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PHP

維基教科書，自由的教學讀本

PHP 是一本正在翻譯的教科書




維基百科中的相關條目：
PHP

什麼是PHP？

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PHP 是一種腳本語言，主要是用途在於處理動態網頁。

PHP 目前被廣泛的應用，它也是開源軟體運動中一個成功的例子。PHP受歡迎是因為其語法類似C、它的速度以及它的簡單。 PHP是目前分為兩個主要版本： PHP 7和PHP 8。

相信大家也曾經嘗試過在網站入使用登入登出的功能。而這類登入的功用，大多數會利用伺服器語言來達成，而你也很可能與PHP打交道。 PHP語言由Rasmus Lerdorf發明。當初的他寫這個小程式，目的只是希望追蹤瀏覽者的資料。

基本上，PHP使靜態的網頁動態化。「PHP」是一個遞歸的縮寫，它表示「PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor（PHP：超文本預處理器）」。PHP 對超文本文檔進行預處理（即 PHP 在輸出被發送到瀏覽器之前進行處理）。因此，頁面可以根據條件，在被用戶看到之前做出改變。這可以被用來在頁面上寫一些東西，創建一個多行的表格，使它的行數正好等於用戶訪問的次數，或者，將網頁與 web 資料庫（例如 MySQL）相整合。

在開始伺服器處理的奇妙旅程之前，您最好對超文本標記語言作一些基本的了解。PHP 也被用來開發 GUI 應用程式；PHP-GTK 用來構建圖形用戶界面（Graphical User Interfaces，GUI）。

安裝及設置

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注意：在貢獻前，請閱讀討論頁。

Learning the Language

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The Basics

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This section is about things that are important for any type of PHP development. Useful for a PHP programmer of any level.
  1. Beginning with "Hello World!" 開發階段：100%（截至10 Feb 2006）（10 Feb 2006）
  2. Nuts and Bolts 開發階段：75%（截至14 Jan 2006）（14 Jan 2006）
  3. Commenting and Style 開發階段：100%（截至14 Jan 2006）（14 Jan 2006）
  4. Arrays 開發階段：75%（截至10 Feb 2006）（10 Feb 2006）
  5. Control structures
    1. The if Structure 開發階段：75%（截至19 Mar 2009）（19 Mar 2009）
    2. The switch Structure 開發階段：75%（截至14 Jan 2006）（14 Jan 2006）
    3. The while Loop 開發階段：75%（截至14 Jan 2006）（14 Jan 2006）
    4. The do while Loop 開發階段：50%（截至14 Jan 2006）（14 Jan 2006）
    5. The for Loop 開發階段：50%（截至14 Jan 2006）（14 Jan 2006）
    6. The foreach Loop 開發階段：75%（截至14 Jan 2006）（14 Jan 2006）
  6. Functions 開發階段：75%（截至10 Feb 2006）（10 Feb 2006）
  7. Files 開發階段：100%（截至12 Feb 2008）（12 Feb 2008）
  8. Mailing 開發階段：50%（截至14 Jan 2006）（14 Jan 2006）
  9. Cookies 開發階段：75%（截至14 Jan 2006）（14 Jan 2006）
  10. Sessions 開發階段：75%（截至2008-05-07）（2008-05-07）
  11. Databases
    1. MySQL 開發階段：75%（截至14 Jan 2006）（14 Jan 2006）
    2. PHP Data Objects 開發階段：00%（截至18 Dec 2006）（18 Dec 2006）
  12. Integration Methods (HTML Forms, etc.) 開發階段：75%（截至14 Jan 2006）（14 Jan 2006）

Advanced PHP

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Advanced PHP includes high level programming and PHP techniques designed to make PHP even more useful and powerful.

Object Oriented Programming (OOP)

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  1. Classes
  2. Special Methods
  3. Class Extensions (Inheritance)

Templating

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  1. Why Templating
  2. Templates
  3. Caching
  4. SMARTY templating system
  5. PRADO Component Framework
  6. Flat Frog templating system 開發階段：25%（截至23 march 2006）（23 march 2006）
  7. XSL

Libraries

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PHP PEAR

Frameworks

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Security

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  1. Configuration: Register Globals
  2. SQL Injection Attacks
  3. Cross Site Scripting Attacks
  4. Building a secure user login system

See also the section on avoiding session fixation in the Sessions chapter.

Command-Line Interface (CLI)

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  1. PHP CLI
  2. PHP-GTK
  3. Daemonization

Code Snippets

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Useful for any beginners to learn code from.

PHP 4 & 5

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Basic Level

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  • echo "the text to print"; - This language construct will echo the text between the quotes. This is not a function but a language construct.
  • echo "$var"; - Notice the double quotation marks. Because double quotation marks are used, this will print the value of the variable. If $var="Bobby", this will output:

Bobby

  • echo '$var'; - Notice that the quotation marks are now single. This will output the literal keystrokes inside the quotes. The example will output:

$var

  • $var="Jericho";echo "Joshua fit the battle of $var."; - Other than substituting the value of a variable for the variable name (and one or two other minor items), double quotes will quote literal keystrokes. So this will output:

Joshua fit the battle of Jericho.

Again, if single quotes were used — 'Joshua fit the battle of $var'; — this would output:

Joshua fit the battle of $var.

  • echo $var; - If you only want to print the value of a variable, you don't need quotes at all. If the value of $var is "1214", the code will output:

1214

  • require "url"; - This language construct will include the page between the quotes. Can NOT be used with dynamic pages, e.g. require("main.php?username=SomeUser"); would not work. This is not a function but a language construct.
  • date("Date/time format"); - Function which returns a date from a Unix Timestamp - where H is the hour, i is the minutes, s is the seconds, d is the day, m is the month and Y is the year in four digits - e.g. date("H:i:s d/m/Y"); would return 12:22:01 10/08/2006 on 10th August 2006 at 12:22:01.
  • unlink("filename"); - Function which deletes the file specified in filename.

PHP 4

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Basic Level

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<?php
  $variable1 = 'beginning';
  //This is a comment after a variable being defined
  if ($variable1 == 'beginning') {
    //If is a test to see if a variable has certain
    //value and initiates the wanted sequences if true
    echo 'Hello World!';
    //The echo displays to the page
  }
?>

OOP

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Include OOP based examples, made by experienced developer

PHP 5 Only

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Basic Level

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Basics, working only on PHP 5.

  • file_put_contents("filename", "Text to save"); - Functions which saves the text specified in Text to save to the file specified in filename. Will overwrite existing file contents unless another parameter FILE_APPEND is added.

E.g. file_put_contents("filename", "Text to save"); will write Text to save to filename, but will overwrite existing text whereas file_put_contents("filename", "Text to save", FILE_APPEND); will write Text to save to filename, but will not overwrite existing text (instead it appends).

OOP

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  1. Input validation by Kgrsajid.
  2. Advanced Input validation by nemesiskoen.

Editors

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For reviews of numerous PHP editors, see PHP-editors.

Resources

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  • From C/C++ to PHP Most people program in C++ but not in PHP. This tutorial will explain the important differences.

Contributors

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Jatkins: PHP 4 & 5 examples, and PHP 5 only examples.
Douglas Clifton: New editor. Hoping to add more soon!
James Booker: Minor corrections. Hoping to add more content in time.
Spoom: Original for and switch...case articles, various reformatting and additions.
IBB: See profile.
Kander: Minor edits to the PHP and MySQL section.
Qrc: Started initial page for Configuration:Register Globals.
Bumppo: Started object-oriented PHP section
programmabilities: Minor edits.
ahc: Significant editing to existing sections.
Liu Chang: Added "Setting up PHP" section. Hoping to add more in time
Monkeymatt: Fixed some typos, fixed the templating section.
Charles Iliya Krempeaux: Added PHP CLI section. Minor cleanups on existing sections. Added PHP-GTK section.
scorphus: Fixes in installation procedures on Debian systems (to conform standards - we now use aptitude)
immortalgeek: Added some php web links to Resource section.
Wykis: Working on Smarty section, foreach, arrays, sessions, all basic programming
Bolo: working on Flat Frog section.
KGR Sajid: PHP5 editor. Also edited some other minor things.
banzaimonkey: Formatting changes and editing.
Meemo: Some small edits, fixing a few scripts and the spelling of Rumpelstiltskin. ;)
Justin Kestelyn: Added a link in Resources.
Sam Wilson: Elaboration on session fixation.
http://www.zeuscoder.com -PHP, MySQL Training and development.
取自「https://zh.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=PHP&oldid=174283」