人类生理学/肌肉系统
< 人類生理學
种类
[编辑]肌肉系统与其他系统的合作
[编辑]- 动态平衡（Homeostasis）
- 保护
- 钙的代谢
- 维持体温
骨骼肌收缩
[编辑]肌丝滑动理论（sliding filament theory）
[编辑]骨骼肌的细胞作用
[编辑]不可控制的肌肉运动
[编辑]- 痉挛（Spasms）
当光滑和骨骼肌经历多次痉挛时，它被称为癫痫发作（seizure ）或抽搐（convulsion）。
- 抽筋（Cramps）
剧烈的活动可能导致长而痛苦的肌肉痉挛，这被称为抽筋。
受伤
[编辑]类固醇
[编辑]MyoD蛋白和其他肌肉因素
[编辑]肌肉恒定状态
[编辑]平滑肌收缩
[编辑]心肌
[编辑]人体内的三磷酸腺苷（ATP）
[编辑]乳酸
[编辑]肌肉异常
[编辑]皮肌炎（Dermatomyositis）和多发性肌炎（Polymyositis）
[编辑]肌肉萎缩（Muscle Atrophy）
[编辑]肌营养不良症（Muscular Dystrophy）
[编辑]医学谜题
[编辑]睡眠抽搐
[编辑]微生物学
[编辑]词汇表
[编辑]- 肌动蛋白（Actin）
- A protein that forms a long polymer rods called microfilaments; Interacts with myosin to cause movement in muscles.
- 腺苷三磷酸（Adenosine Triphosphate，ATP）
- is a nucleotide that comes from adenosine that takes place in muscle tissue: This provides a large source of energy for cellular reactions.
- 心肌（Cardiac muscle）
- is also an "involuntary muscle" but it's a specialized kind of muscle found only within the heart.
- 肉毒杆菌（Clostridium botulinum）
- A pathogen that causes botulism, gram stain positive, morphology is rod shaped, grows in anaerobic conditions, and produces spores.
- 破伤风杆菌（Clostridium tetani）
- A pathogen that causes lock jaw, gram stain positive, morphology is tennis racket shaped rod, grows in anaerobic conditions, and produces spores.
- 柯氏循环（Cori cycle）
- 在厌氧条件下产生乳酸
- 抽筋（Cramp）
- A localized muscle spasm that happens after strenuous activity.
- 肝糖（Glycogen）
- Glucose that has been converted for energy storage. Muscles store energy for their own use in this form.
- 乳酸（Lactic acid）
- 肌肉过度运动会累积的酸
- Muscle
- Contractile tissue that is derived from the mesodermal layer of embryonic germ cells.
- 肌肉营养不良症（Muscular Dystrophy）
- A hereditary disease characterized by progressive atrophy of muscle fibers
- 肌球蛋白（Myosin）
- The fibrous motor protein that uses ATP to drive movements along actin filaments.
- 肌质网（Sarcoplasmic Reticulum）
- Smooth-surfaced tubules forming a plexus around each myofibril that function as a storage and release area for calcium ions (Ca2+).
- 骨骼肌（Skeletal muscle）
- this "voluntary muscle" is anchored by tendons to the bone and is used to affect skeletal movement such as locomotion.
- 平滑肌（Smooth muscle）
- this "involuntary muscle" is found within the walls of organs and structures such as the esophagus, stomach, intestines, bronchi, uterus, ureters, bladder, and blood vessels.
- 扭伤（Sprain）
- 韧带的拉伸或者撕裂受伤Injuries that involves a stretched or torn ligament.
- 拉伤（Strain）
- 肌肉或者肌腱部分的伤害
- 类固醇（steroids）
- 一种刺激肌肉生长的药物