人类生理学/肌肉系统

维基教科书,自由的教学读本

种类[编辑]

肌肉系统与其他系统的合作[编辑]

  1. 动态平衡(Homeostasis)
  2. 保护
  3. 钙的代谢
  4. 维持体温

骨骼肌收缩[编辑]

肌丝滑动理论(sliding filament theory)[编辑]

骨骼肌的细胞作用[编辑]

不可控制的肌肉运动[编辑]

痉挛(Spasms)

当光滑和骨骼肌经历多次痉挛时,它被称为癫痫发作(seizure )或抽搐(convulsion)。

抽筋(Cramps)

剧烈的活动可能导致长而痛苦的肌肉痉挛,这被称为抽筋。

受伤[编辑]

类固醇[编辑]

MyoD蛋白和其他肌肉因素[编辑]

肌肉恒定状态[编辑]

平滑肌收缩[编辑]

心肌[编辑]

人体内的三磷酸腺苷(ATP)[编辑]

乳酸[编辑]

肌肉异常[编辑]

皮肌炎(Dermatomyositis)和多发性肌炎(Polymyositis)[编辑]

肌肉萎缩(Muscle Atrophy)[编辑]

肌营养不良症(Muscular Dystrophy)[编辑]

医学谜题[编辑]

睡眠抽搐[编辑]

微生物学[编辑]

词汇表[编辑]

肌动蛋白(Actin)
A protein that forms a long polymer rods called microfilaments; Interacts with myosin to cause movement in muscles.
腺苷三磷酸(Adenosine Triphosphate,ATP)
is a nucleotide that comes from adenosine that takes place in muscle tissue: This provides a large source of energy for cellular reactions.
心肌(Cardiac muscle)
is also an "involuntary muscle" but it's a specialized kind of muscle found only within the heart.
肉毒杆菌(Clostridium botulinum)
A pathogen that causes botulism, gram stain positive, morphology is rod shaped, grows in anaerobic conditions, and produces spores.
破伤风杆菌(Clostridium tetani)
A pathogen that causes lock jaw, gram stain positive, morphology is tennis racket shaped rod, grows in anaerobic conditions, and produces spores.
柯氏循环(Cori cycle)
在厌氧条件下产生乳酸
抽筋(Cramp)
A localized muscle spasm that happens after strenuous activity.
肝糖(Glycogen)
Glucose that has been converted for energy storage. Muscles store energy for their own use in this form.
乳酸(Lactic acid)
肌肉过度运动会累积的酸
Muscle
Contractile tissue that is derived from the mesodermal layer of embryonic germ cells.
肌肉营养不良症(Muscular Dystrophy)
A hereditary disease characterized by progressive atrophy of muscle fibers
肌球蛋白(Myosin)
The fibrous motor protein that uses ATP to drive movements along actin filaments.
肌质网(Sarcoplasmic Reticulum)
Smooth-surfaced tubules forming a plexus around each myofibril that function as a storage and release area for calcium ions (Ca2+).
骨骼肌(Skeletal muscle)
this "voluntary muscle" is anchored by tendons to the bone and is used to affect skeletal movement such as locomotion.
平滑肌(Smooth muscle)
this "involuntary muscle" is found within the walls of organs and structures such as the esophagus, stomach, intestines, bronchi, uterus, ureters, bladder, and blood vessels.
扭伤(Sprain)
韧带的拉伸或者撕裂受伤Injuries that involves a stretched or torn ligament.
拉伤(Strain)
肌肉或者肌腱部分的伤害
类固醇(steroids)
一种刺激肌肉生长的药物

参考资料[编辑]